In Vitro vs. In Vivo: What’s the Difference?

Understanding the difference between in vitro and in vivo can help you make sense of how medical research and treatments work. In vitro means “in glass” and refers to experiments or procedures done outside a living body — for example, in a test tube or lab dish. A common example is in vitro fertilization (IVF), where eggs are fertilized in a lab before being placed in the uterus. On the other hand, in vivo means “within the living” and involves studying or testing inside a living organism, such as during clinical trials or animal studies. Both methods play essential roles in science — in vitro offers more control and safety in early testing, while in vivo shows how things work in real-life biological systems. Together, they help scientists develop safer, more effective treatments and deepen our understanding of the human body and modern medicine.

https://newlifefertility.com/blog/in-vitro-and-in-vivo/